Understanding Allergies and Asthma
Allergies happen when your immune system reacts to substances like pollen, dust, mold, or pet dander. Asthma
is a chronic condition in which your airway can become inflamed and/or narrowed, making it harder to breathe.
Many people have both—this is called allergic asthma.
Common Allergy: Signs & Symptoms
Allergies can be triggered by substances such as pollen, dust mites, pet dander, mold, or certain foods. These
reactions vary in severity and often depend on the individual’s sensitivity and exposure. Common Allergy
symptoms may include:
• Sneezing
• Runny or congested nose
• Itchy, red, or watery eyes
• Post-nasal drip
• Coughing or throat clearing
• Headache or sinus pressure
• Fatigue or irritability
• Skin rashes (hives or eczema)
Seasonal Allergy: Signs & Symptoms
Seasonal allergies—also called hay fever or allergic rhinitis—are triggered by outdoor allergens like pollen
from trees, grasses, and weeds, typically in spring, summer, or fall. Common Seasonal Allergy symptoms may
include:
• Itchy nose, throat, or eyes
• Frequent sneezing
• Clear, watery nasal discharge
• Worsening symptoms when outdoors
• Increased asthma symptoms during high pollen seasons
• Itchy, watery, or swollen eyes
Asthma: Signs & Symptoms
Asthma symptoms may range from mild to life-threatening. They can be triggered by allergens, exercise, cold
air, respiratory infections, stress, or smoke. Common Asthma symptoms include:
• Shortness of breath (especially with activity or at night)
• Wheezing (a whistling or squeaky sound when breathing)
• Tightness or pressure in the chest
• Frequent coughing, especially at night or early morning
• Difficulty taking a deep breath
• Fatigue or exhaustion due to poor oxygenation
• Breathing faster than normal
• Difficulty sleeping due to breathing problems
• Reduced ability to exercise or climb stairs
• Increased mucus production or phlegm in the chest
Asthma symptoms can come on suddenly or build gradually. Tracking them can help you and your provider
adjust your treatment plan.
At-Home Ways to Alleviate Symptoms
✅ Keep windows closed during pollen season
✅ Use HEPA filters and vacuum frequently
✅ Shower and change clothes after outdoor exposure
✅ Wash bedding weekly in hot water
✅ Avoid triggers like smoke, strong odors, or pets
✅ Take medications (antihistamines, inhalers, nasal sprays) as prescribed
✅ Use a peak flow meter to track lung function (if recommended)
✅ Try saline nasal rinses to clear allergens from nasal passages
✅ Stay hydrated and get plenty of rest
When Symptoms Are Worsening
⚠ Needing your rescue inhaler more than twice a week
⚠ Waking up at night with coughing or wheezing
⚠ Persistent nasal congestion or fatigue
⚠ Symptoms that limit daily activities
⚠ Medications no longer providing relief
When to Contact Your Provider
Schedule an appointment if:
• Symptoms interfere with sleep, school, work, or exercise
• You’re unsure of your triggers or want allergy testing
• You’ve had a recent asthma flare or ER visit
• You’re considering allergy shots (immunotherapy)
• You need a customized asthma action plan
Emergency Warning Signs – Call 911 Immediately
- Difficulty breathing or talking
- Bluish lips, fingers, or face
- Chest tightness not relieved by inhaler
- Rapid or shallow breathing
- Confusion, dizziness, or fainting
If you have a known severe allergy, always carry your epinephrine auto-injector and make sure those around
you know how to use it. Looking for a Primary Care Provider or Pulmonologist? We are here to help!
Wishing you good health and wellness!
Arizona State Physicians Association
3030 North Central Avenue, Suite 1106
Phoenix, AZ 85012
� (602) 265-2524 | � www.azspa.com
References:
1. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI) – www.aaaai.org
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) – www.cdc.gov/asthma
3. American Lung Association – www.lung.org
4. Mayo Clinic – www.mayoclinic.org
5. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute – www.nhlbi.nih.go
